425 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
425 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
[](https://travis-ci.org/client9/misspell) [](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/client9/misspell) [](https://godoc.org/github.com/client9/misspell) [](http://gocover.io/github.com/client9/misspell) [](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/client9/misspell/master/LICENSE)
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Correct commonly misspelled English words... quickly.
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### Install
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If you just want a binary and to start using `misspell`:
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```
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curl -L -o ./install-misspell.sh https://git.io/misspell
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sh ./install-misspell.sh
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```
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Both will install as `./bin/misspell`. You can adjust the download location using the `-b` flag. File a ticket if you want another platform supported.
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If you use [Go](https://golang.org/), the best way to run `misspell` is by using [gometalinter](#gometalinter). Otherwise, install `misspell` the old-fashioned way:
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```
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go get -u github.com/client9/misspell/cmd/misspell
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```
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and misspell will be in your `GOPATH`
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Also if you like to live dangerously, one could do
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```bash
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curl -L https://git.io/misspell | bash
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```
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### Usage
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```bash
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$ misspell all.html your.txt important.md files.go
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your.txt:42:10 found "langauge" a misspelling of "language"
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# ^ file, line, column
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```
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```
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$ misspell -help
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Usage of misspell:
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-debug
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Debug matching, very slow
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-error
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Exit with 2 if misspelling found
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-f string
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'csv', 'sqlite3' or custom Golang template for output
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-i string
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ignore the following corrections, comma separated
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-j int
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Number of workers, 0 = number of CPUs
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-legal
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Show legal information and exit
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-locale string
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Correct spellings using locale perferances for US or UK. Default is to use a neutral variety of English. Setting locale to US will correct the British spelling of 'colour' to 'color'
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-o string
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output file or [stderr|stdout|] (default "stdout")
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-q Do not emit misspelling output
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-source string
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Source mode: auto=guess, go=golang source, text=plain or markdown-like text (default "auto")
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-w Overwrite file with corrections (default is just to display)
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```
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## FAQ
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* [Automatic Corrections](#correct)
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* [Converting UK spellings to US](#locale)
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* [Using pipes and stdin](#stdin)
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* [Golang special support](#golang)
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* [gometalinter support](#gometalinter)
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* [CSV Output](#csv)
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* [Using SQLite3](#sqlite)
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* [Changing output format](#output)
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* [Checking a folder recursively](#recursive)
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* [Performance](#performance)
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* [Known Issues](#issues)
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* [Debugging](#debug)
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* [False Negatives and missing words](#missing)
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* [Origin of Word Lists](#words)
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* [Software License](#license)
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* [Problem statement](#problem)
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* [Other spelling correctors](#others)
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* [Other ideas](#otherideas)
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<a name="correct"></a>
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### How can I make the corrections automatically?
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Just add the `-w` flag!
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```
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$ misspell -w all.html your.txt important.md files.go
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your.txt:9:21:corrected "langauge" to "language"
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# ^ File is rewritten only if a misspelling is found
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```
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<a name="locale"></a>
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### How do I convert British spellings to American (or vice-versa)?
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Add the `-locale US` flag!
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```bash
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$ misspell -locale US important.txt
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important.txt:10:20 found "colour" a misspelling of "color"
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```
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Add the `-locale UK` flag!
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```bash
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$ echo "My favorite color is blue" | misspell -locale UK
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stdin:1:3:found "favorite color" a misspelling of "favourite colour"
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```
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Help is appreciated as I'm neither British nor an
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expert in the English language.
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<a name="recursive"></a>
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### How do you check an entire folder recursively?
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Just list a directory you'd like to check
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```bash
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misspell .
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misspell aDirectory anotherDirectory aFile
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```
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You can also run misspell recursively using the following shell tricks:
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```bash
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misspell directory/**/*
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```
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or
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```bash
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find . -type f | xargs misspell
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```
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You can select a type of file as well. The following examples selects all `.txt` files that are *not* in the `vendor` directory:
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```bash
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find . -type f -name '*.txt' | grep -v vendor/ | xargs misspell -error
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```
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<a name="stdin"></a>
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### Can I use pipes or `stdin` for input?
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Yes!
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Print messages to `stderr` only:
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```bash
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$ echo "zeebra" | misspell
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stdin:1:0:found "zeebra" a misspelling of "zebra"
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```
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Print messages to `stderr`, and corrected text to `stdout`:
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```bash
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$ echo "zeebra" | misspell -w
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stdin:1:0:corrected "zeebra" to "zebra"
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zebra
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```
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Only print the corrected text to `stdout`:
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```bash
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$ echo "zeebra" | misspell -w -q
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zebra
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```
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<a name="golang"></a>
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### Are there special rules for golang source files?
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Yes! If the file ends in `.go`, then misspell will only check spelling in
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comments.
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If you want to force a file to be checked as a golang source, use `-source=go`
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on the command line. Conversely, you can check a golang source as if it were
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pure text by using `-source=text`. You might want to do this since many
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variable names have misspellings in them!
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### Can I check only-comments in other other programming languages?
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I'm told the using `-source=go` works well for ruby, javascript, java, c and
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c++.
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It doesn't work well for python and bash.
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<a name="gometalinter"></a>
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### Does this work with gometalinter?
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[gometalinter](https://github.com/alecthomas/gometalinter) runs
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multiple golang linters. Starting on [2016-06-12](https://github.com/alecthomas/gometalinter/pull/134)
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gometalinter supports `misspell` natively but it is disabled by default.
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```bash
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# update your copy of gometalinter
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go get -u github.com/alecthomas/gometalinter
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# install updates and misspell
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gometalinter --install --update
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```
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To use, just enable `misspell`
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```
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gometalinter --enable misspell ./...
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```
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Note that gometalinter only checks golang files, and uses the default options
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of `misspell`
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You may wish to run this on your plaintext (.txt) and/or markdown files too.
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<a name="csv"></a>
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### How Can I Get CSV Output?
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Using `-f csv`, the output is standard comma-seprated values with headers in the first row.
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```
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misspell -f csv *
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file,line,column,typo,corrected
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"README.md",9,22,langauge,language
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"README.md",47,25,langauge,language
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```
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<a name="sqlite"></a>
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### How can I export to SQLite3?
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Using `-f sqlite`, the output is a [sqlite3](https://www.sqlite.org/index.html) dump-file.
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```bash
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$ misspell -f sqlite * > /tmp/misspell.sql
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$ cat /tmp/misspell.sql
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PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
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BEGIN TRANSACTION;
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CREATE TABLE misspell(
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"file" TEXT,
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"line" INTEGER,i
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"column" INTEGER,i
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"typo" TEXT,
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"corrected" TEXT
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);
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INSERT INTO misspell VALUES("install.txt",202,31,"immediatly","immediately");
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# etc...
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COMMIT;
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```
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```bash
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$ sqlite3 -init /tmp/misspell.sql :memory: 'select count(*) from misspell'
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1
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```
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With some tricks you can directly pipe output to sqlite3 by using `-init /dev/stdin`:
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```
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misspell -f sqlite * | sqlite3 -init /dev/stdin -column -cmd '.width 60 15' ':memory' \
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'select substr(file,35),typo,count(*) as count from misspell group by file, typo order by count desc;'
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```
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<a name="ignore"></a>
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### How can I ignore rules?
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Using the `-i "comma,separated,rules"` flag you can specify corrections to ignore.
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For example, if you were to run `misspell -w -error -source=text` against document that contains the string `Guy Finkelshteyn Braswell`, misspell would change the text to `Guy Finkelstheyn Bras well`. You can then
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determine the rules to ignore by reverting the change and running the with the `-debug` flag. You can then see
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that the corrections were `htey -> they` and `aswell -> as well`. To ignore these two rules, you add `-i "htey,aswell"` to
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your command. With debug mode on, you can see it print the corrections, but it will no longer make them.
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<a name="output"></a>
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### How can I change the output format?
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Using the `-f template` flag you can pass in a
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[golang text template](https://golang.org/pkg/text/template/) to format the output.
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One can use `printf "%q" VALUE` to safely quote a value.
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The default template is compatible with [gometalinter](https://github.com/alecthomas/gometalinter)
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```
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{{ .Filename }}:{{ .Line }}:{{ .Column }}:corrected {{ printf "%q" .Original }} to "{{ printf "%q" .Corrected }}"
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```
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To just print probable misspellings:
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```
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-f '{{ .Original }}'
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```
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<a name="problem"></a>
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### What problem does this solve?
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This corrects commonly misspelled English words in computer source
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code, and other text-based formats (`.txt`, `.md`, etc).
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It is designed to run quickly so it can be
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used as a [pre-commit hook](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Hooks)
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with minimal burden on the developer.
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It does not work with binary formats (e.g. Word, etc).
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It is not a complete spell-checking program nor a grammar checker.
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<a name="others"></a>
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### What are other misspelling correctors and what's wrong with them?
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Some other misspelling correctors:
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* https://github.com/vlajos/misspell_fixer
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* https://github.com/lyda/misspell-check
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* https://github.com/lucasdemarchi/codespell
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They all work but had problems that prevented me from using them at scale:
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* slow, all of the above check one misspelling at a time (i.e. linear) using regexps
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* not MIT/Apache2 licensed (or equivalent)
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* have dependencies that don't work for me (python3, bash, linux sed, etc)
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* don't understand American vs. British English and sometimes makes unwelcome "corrections"
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That said, they might be perfect for you and many have more features
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than this project!
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<a name="performance"></a>
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### How fast is it?
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Misspell is easily 100x to 1000x faster than other spelling correctors. You
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should be able to check and correct 1000 files in under 250ms.
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This uses the mighty power of golang's
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[strings.Replacer](https://golang.org/pkg/strings/#Replacer) which is
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a implementation or variation of the
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[Aho–Corasick algorithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aho–Corasick_algorithm).
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This makes multiple substring matches *simultaneously*.
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In addition this uses multiple CPU cores to work on multiple files.
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<a name="issues"></a>
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### What problems does it have?
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Unlike the other projects, this doesn't know what a "word" is. There may be
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more false positives and false negatives due to this. On the other hand, it
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sometimes catches things others don't.
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Either way, please file bugs and we'll fix them!
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Since it operates in parallel to make corrections, it can be non-obvious to
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determine exactly what word was corrected.
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<a name="debug"></a>
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### It's making mistakes. How can I debug?
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Run using `-debug` flag on the file you want. It should then print what word
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it is trying to correct. Then [file a
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bug](https://github.com/client9/misspell/issues) describing the problem.
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Thanks!
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<a name="missing"></a>
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### Why is it making mistakes or missing items in golang files?
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The matching function is *case-sensitive*, so variable names that are multiple
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worlds either in all-upper or all-lower case sometimes can cause false
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positives. For instance a variable named `bodyreader` could trigger a false
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positive since `yrea` is in the middle that could be corrected to `year`.
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Other problems happen if the variable name uses a English contraction that
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should use an apostrophe. The best way of fixing this is to use the
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[Effective Go naming
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conventions](https://golang.org/doc/effective_go.html#mixed-caps) and use
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[camelCase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CamelCase) for variable names. You
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can check your code using [golint](https://github.com/golang/lint)
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<a name="license"></a>
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### What license is this?
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The main code is [MIT](https://github.com/client9/misspell/blob/master/LICENSE).
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Misspell also makes uses of the Golang standard library and contains a modified version of Golang's [strings.Replacer](https://golang.org/pkg/strings/#Replacer)
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which are covered under a [BSD License](https://github.com/golang/go/blob/master/LICENSE). Type `misspell -legal` for more details or see [legal.go](https://github.com/client9/misspell/blob/master/legal.go)
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<a name="words"></a>
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### Where do the word lists come from?
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It started with a word list from
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[Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lists_of_common_misspellings/For_machines).
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Unfortunately, this list had to be highly edited as many of the words are
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obsolete or based from mistakes on mechanical typewriters (I'm guessing).
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Additional words were added based on actually mistakes seen in
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the wild (meaning self-generated).
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Variations of UK and US spellings are based on many sources including:
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* http://www.tysto.com/uk-us-spelling-list.html (with heavy editing, many are incorrect)
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* http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/words/american-and-british-spelling-american (excellent site but incomplete)
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* Diffing US and UK [scowl dictionaries](http://wordlist.aspell.net)
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American English is more accepting of spelling variations than is British
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English, so "what is American or not" is subject to opinion. Corrections and help welcome.
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<a name="otherideas"></a>
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### What are some other enhancements that could be done?
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Here's some ideas for enhancements:
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*Capitalization of proper nouns* could be done (e.g. weekday and month names, country names, language names)
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*Opinionated US spellings* US English has a number of words with alternate
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spellings. Think [adviser vs.
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advisor](http://grammarist.com/spelling/adviser-advisor/). While "advisor" is not wrong, the opinionated US
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locale would correct "advisor" to "adviser".
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*Versioning* Some type of versioning is needed so reporting mistakes and errors is easier.
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*Feedback* Mistakes would be sent to some server for agregation and feedback review.
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*Contractions and Apostrophes* This would optionally correct "isnt" to
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"isn't", etc.
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